TheJewish Heritage Collection Oral Histories, archived in Special Collections at the College of Charleston’s Addlestone Library, offer an inside perspective on the lives of Jewish residents of South Carolina’s cities and small towns.The majority of interviews focus on first- and second-generation Americans of the twentieth century, and address topics such as immigration, Subarus FA20E and FA20F engines were 2.0-litre horizontally-opposed (or 'boxer') four-cylinder petrol engines that were fitted with a twin-scroll turbocharger and featured direct injection. For Australia, the FA20E engine was introduced in the Subaru SJ Forester XT, while the FA20F engine powered the Subaru V1 WRX. Aftereach database cleanup run, the verify(8) daemon logs the number of entries that were retained and dropped. The username "unknown" is used for processes whose real UID is not found in the password file. To deny mail submission access to all users specify an empty list. Specify a list of user names, "/file/name" or "type:table" patterns, separated by commas and/or wehave this problem, occasionally our exchange bounces mail from gmail. gmailuser@ configured to forward messages to our exchange mailbox Voicicomment j'ai désactivé le controle des mails sortants dans l'antivirus avast : - Cliquer sur Paramètres - Cliquer sur Protection active - 3 rubriques apparaissent (tous les 3 sont activés) - lsovJI7. Introduction Attack Chain Ryuk has been know to be a part of a bigger "Triple Threat" attack that involves Emotet and TrickBot. The first stage of this attack is the delivery of Emotet through phishing emails that contain a weaponized word document, this document contains a macro code that downloads Emotet. Once Emotet executes, it downloads another malware usually TrickBot which can collect system information, steal credentials, disable AV, do lateral movement, … The third stage of the attack is to connect to the C&C server to download Ryuk which makes use of the lateral movement done by TrickBot to infect and encrypt as many systems on the network as possible. Ryuk overview I will give a brief overview of how Ryuk operates then I will go into details in the upcoming sections. Ryuk operates in two stages. The first stage is a dropper that drops the real Ryuk ransomware at another directory and exits. Then the ransomware tries to injects running processes to avoid detection. We can also see that it launches a process to modify the registry. After that, Ryuk goes through encrypting the system files and network shares, it drops a "Ransom Note" at every folder it encrypts under the name Enough introduction, let’s dive into Ryuk. First Stage The Dropper SHA256 23f8aa94ffb3c08a62735fe7fee5799880a8f322ce1d55ec49a13a3f85312db2 The dropper first checks the windows MajorVersion and if it’s equal to 5 windows 2000 windows XP Windows Server 2003, it drops the ransomware executable at C\Documents and Settings\Default User\ , otherwise it drops it at C\users\Public\. The name of the dropped executable is five randomly generated characters. If the creation of this file failed, Ryuk drops the executable at the same directory of the dropper with replacing the last character of its name with the letter V’ If the dropper name is the dropped executable will be Next we can see a call to IsWow64Process and if it returns true which means Ryuk is running at a 64 bit system, it writes the 64 bit binary to the dropped executable, else it writes the 32 bit binary. The 2 binary files are stored at the .data section. The last step is a call to ShellExecuteW to execute the second stage executable with passing it one argument which is the dropper path This is used later to delete the dropper. Second Stage SHA256 8b0a5fb13309623c3518473551cb1f55d38d8450129d4a3c16b476f7b2867d7d Deleting The Dropper Before the dropper exits, it passes its path to the second stage executable as a command line argument which in turn deletes the dropper. Persistence Ryuk uses the very well know registry key to achieve persistence, It creates a new value under the name "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\svchos" and its data is set to the executable path which in my case is "C\users\Public\ Here is the full command C\Windows\System32\ /C REG ADD "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run" /v "svchos" /t REG_SZ /d "C\users\Public\ /f Privilege Escalation Ryuk uses AdjustTokenPrivileges function to adjust its process security access token. The requested privilege name is SeDebugPrivilege and according to Microsoft docs SeDebugPrivilege Required to debug and adjust the memory of a process owned by another account. With this privilege, the user can attach a debugger to any process or to the kernel. This method is usually used by malware to perform process injection which is done next. Process Injection Ryuk goes through all running processes and stores ProcessName, ProcessID, ProcessType in a big array, ProcessType is an integer that is set to 1 If the domain name of the user of the process starts with “NT A” which is “NT AUTHORITY”, otherwise the ProcessType is set to 2. To make it easier, I created a structure in IDA called ProcessInfo. After that, Ryuk loops through the processes’ stored data to perform the process injection. If the process name is Ryuk ignores that process. The process injection technique used here is very simple, Ryuk allocates memory for its process at the target process memory space using VirtualAllocEx, then it writes its process to that allocated memory using WriteProcessMemory. Finally it creates a new thread using CreateRemoteThread to run Ryuk’s thread at the injected process. Building Imports Ryuk imports its necessary functions dynamically using LoadLibraryA and GetProcAdress. The names of the imported functions are obfuscated so static analysis won’t do very well here. We can use a debugger to get these names rather than reversing the obfuscation algorithm. Here is the list of imported functions Expand to see more CryptAcquireContextW CryptDecrypt CryptDeriveKey CryptDestroyKey CryptEncrypt CryptExportKey CryptGenKey CryptImportKey GetUserNameA GetUserNameW RegCloseKey RegDeleteValueW RegOpenKeyExA RegOpenKeyExW RegQueryValueExA RegSetValueExW CloseHandle CopyFileA CopyFileW CreateDirectoryW CreateFileA CreateFileW CreateProcessA CreateProcessW DeleteFileW ExitProcess FindClose FindFirstFileW FindNextFileW FreeLibrary GetCommandLineW GetCurrentProcess GetDriveTypeW GetFileAttributesA GetFileAttributesW GetFileSize GetLogicalDrives GetModuleFileNameA GetModuleFileNameW GetModuleHandleA GetStartupInfoW GetTickCount GetVersionExW GetWindowsDirectoryW GlobalAlloc LoadLibraryA ReadFile SetFileAttributesA SetFileAttributesW SetFilePointer Sleep VirtualAlloc VirtualFree WinExec Wow64DisableWow64FsRedirection Wow64RevertWow64FsRedirection WriteFile CoCreateInstance CoInitialize ShellExecuteA ShellExecuteW WNetCloseEnum WNetEnumResourceW WNetOpenEnumW GetIpNetTable Killing Processes Ryuk has a long list of predefined services and processes to kill using net stop and taskkill /IM respectively. Here is the list of services Expand to see more Acronis VSS Provider Enterprise Client Service Sophos Agent Sophos AutoUpdate Service Sophos Clean Service Sophos Device Control Service Sophos File Scanner Service Sophos Health Service Sophos MCS Agent Sophos MCS Client Sophos Message Router Sophos Safestore Service Sophos System Protection Service Sophos Web Control Service SQLsafe Backup Service SQLsafe Filter Service Symantec System Recovery Veeam Backup Catalog Data Service AcronisAgent AcrSch2Svc Antivirus ARSM BackupExecAgentAccelerator BackupExecAgentBrowser BackupExecDeviceMediaService BackupExecJobEngine BackupExecManagementService BackupExecRPCService BackupExecVSSProvider bedbg DCAgent EPSecurityService EPUpdateService EraserSvc11710 EsgShKernel FA_Scheduler IISAdmin IMAP4Svc macmnsvc masvc MBAMService MBEndpointAgent McAfeeEngineService McAfeeFramework McAfeeFrameworkMcAfeeFramework McShield McTaskManager mfemms mfevtp MMS mozyprobackup MsDtsServer MsDtsServer100 MsDtsServer110 MSExchangeES MSExchangeIS MSExchangeMGMT MSExchangeMTA MSExchangeSA MSExchangeSRS MSOLAP$SQL_2008 MSOLAP$SYSTEM_BGC MSOLAP$TPS MSOLAP$TPSAMA MSSQL$BKUPEXEC MSSQL$ECWDB2 MSSQL$PRACTICEMGT MSSQL$PRACTTICEBGC MSSQL$PROFXENGAGEMENT MSSQL$SBSMONITORING MSSQL$SHAREPOINT MSSQL$SQL_2008 MSSQL$SYSTEM_BGC MSSQL$TPS MSSQL$TPSAMA MSSQL$VEEAMSQL2008R2 MSSQL$VEEAMSQL2012 MSSQLFDLauncher MSSQLFDLauncher$PROFXENGAGEMENT MSSQLFDLauncher$SBSMONITORING MSSQLFDLauncher$SHAREPOINT MSSQLFDLauncher$SQL_2008 MSSQLFDLauncher$SYSTEM_BGC MSSQLFDLauncher$TPS MSSQLFDLauncher$TPSAMA MSSQLSERVER MSSQLServerADHelper100 MSSQLServerOLAPService MySQL80 MySQL57 ntrtscan OracleClientCache80 PDVFSService POP3Svc ReportServer ReportServer$SQL_2008 ReportServer$SYSTEM_BGC ReportServer$TPS ReportServer$TPSAMA RESvc sacsvr SamSs SAVAdminService SAVService SDRSVC SepMasterService ShMonitor Smcinst SmcService SMTPSvc SNAC SntpService sophossps SQLAgent$BKUPEXEC SQLAgent$ECWDB2 SQLAgent$PRACTTICEBGC SQLAgent$PRACTTICEMGT SQLAgent$PROFXENGAGEMENT SQLAgent$SBSMONITORING SQLAgent$SHAREPOINT SQLAgent$SQL_2008 SQLAgent$SYSTEM_BGC SQLAgent$TPS SQLAgent$TPSAMA SQLAgent$VEEAMSQL2008R2 SQLAgent$VEEAMSQL2012 SQLBrowser SQLSafeOLRService SQLSERVERAGENT SQLTELEMETRY SQLTELEMETRY$ECWDB2 SQLWriter SstpSvc svcGenericHost swi_filter swi_service swi_update_64 TmCCSF tmlisten TrueKey TrueKeyScheduler TrueKeyServiceHelper UI0Detect VeeamBackupSvc VeeamBrokerSvc VeeamCatalogSvc VeeamCloudSvc VeeamDeploymentService VeeamDeploySvc VeeamEnterpriseManagerSvc VeeamMountSvc VeeamNFSSvc VeeamRESTSvc VeeamTransportSvc W3Svc wbengine WRSVC MSSQL$VEEAMSQL2008R2 SQLAgent$VEEAMSQL2008R2 VeeamHvIntegrationSvc swi_update SQLAgent$CXDB SQLAgent$CITRIX_METAFRAME SQL Backups MSSQL$PROD Zoolz 2 Service MSSQLServerADHelper SQLAgent$PROD msftesql$PROD NetMsmqActivator EhttpSrv ekrn ESHASRV MSSQL$SOPHOS SQLAgent$SOPHOS AVP klnagent MSSQL$SQLEXPRESS SQLAgent$SQLEXPRESS wbengine kavfsslp KAVFSGT KAVFS mfefire And here is the list of processes Expand to see more Deleting Backups Ryuk drops a batch script at C\Users\Public\ which deletes all shadow copies and possible backups, then the script deletes itself. vssadmin Delete Shadows /all /quiet vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=c /on=c /maxsize=401MB vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=c /on=c /maxsize=unbounded vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=d /on=d /maxsize=401MB vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=d /on=d /maxsize=unbounded vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=e /on=e /maxsize=401MB vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=e /on=e /maxsize=unbounded vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=f /on=f /maxsize=401MB vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=f /on=f /maxsize=unbounded vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=g /on=g /maxsize=401MB vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=g /on=g /maxsize=unbounded vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=h /on=h /maxsize=401MB vssadmin resize shadowstorage /for=h /on=h /maxsize=unbounded vssadmin Delete Shadows /all /quiet del /s /f /q c\*.VHD c\*.bac c\*.bak c\*.wbcat c\*.bkf c\Backup*.* c\backup*.* c\*.set c\*.win c\*.dsk del /s /f /q d\*.VHD d\*.bac d\*.bak d\*.wbcat d\*.bkf d\Backup*.* d\backup*.* d\*.set d\*.win d\*.dsk del /s /f /q e\*.VHD e\*.bac e\*.bak e\*.wbcat e\*.bkf e\Backup*.* e\backup*.* e\*.set e\*.win e\*.dsk del /s /f /q f\*.VHD f\*.bac f\*.bak f\*.wbcat f\*.bkf f\Backup*.* f\backup*.* f\*.set f\*.win f\*.dsk del /s /f /q g\*.VHD g\*.bac g\*.bak g\*.wbcat g\*.bkf g\Backup*.* g\backup*.* g\*.set g\*.win g\*.dsk del /s /f /q h\*.VHD h\*.bac h\*.bak h\*.wbcat h\*.bkf h\Backup*.* h\backup*.* h\*.set h\*.win h\*.dsk del %0 The Encryption Process Ryuk uses a multi threading approach for the encryption process, it creates a new thread for each file it encrypts which makes it very fast. It starts enumerating files using FindFirstFileW and FindNextFileW then it passes each file name to a new encryption thread. Note that Ryuk avoids encrypting these file extensions .dll .lnk .hrmlog .ini .exe Each encryption thread starts by generating a random 256 AES encryption key using CryptGenKey, Ryuk utilizes the WindowsCrypto API for the encryption. Then it goes into the typical encryption loop, the files are encrypted in chunks with a chunk size of 1000000 bytes. Finally Ryuk write a metadata block of size 274 bytes at the end of the file. The first 6 bytes are the keyword HERMES. After that, The AES key is encrypted with an RSA public key before it’s written to the end of the file and then exported using CryptExportKey, This function generates 12 bytes of Blob information + 256 bytes the encrypted key. The RSA public key is embedded in the executable, it’s imported using CryptImportKey and passed to every encryption thread. We can see at the end of the encryption routine a check if the keyword HERMES is present at the end of the file which indicates the file is encrypted. This check is actually done before encrypting the file to avoid encrypting it twice. Here is an example of the complete metadata block Ryuk enumerates network shares using WNetOpenEnumW and WNetEnumResourceA respectively. For each network resource found, the resource’s name will be appended to a list separated by a semicolon. This list will be used later to encrypt these network shares with the same encryption process above. IOCs Hashes Ryuk 8b0a5fb13309623c3518473551cb1f55d38d8450129d4a3c16b476f7b2867d7 Dropper 23f8aa94ffb3c08a62735fe7fee5799880a8f322ce1d55ec49a13a3f85312db2 Files C\Users\Public\ Registry HKEY_CURRENT_USER\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run Emails WayneEvensonprotonmail[.]com WayneEvensontutanota[.]com Yara Rule rule Ryuk { meta author = "N1ght-W0lf" description = "Detect Ryuk Samples" date = "2020-05-08" strings $s1 = " ascii wide $s2 = "No system is safe" ascii wide $s3 = "svchos" ascii wide fullword $s4 = "vssadmin Delete Shadows /all /quiet" ascii wide $s5 = "UNIQUE_ID_DO_NOT_REMOVE" ascii wide $s7 = "\\users\\Public\\ ascii wide $s6 = "HERMES" ascii wide condition 5 of them } External References Sol–Gel Product News Published 05 June 2008 Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology volume 47, pages 203–236 2008Cite this article 4143 Accesses 69 Citations 9 Altmetric Metrics details Access options Buy single article Instant access to the full article PDF. 39,95 € Price includes VAT Ukraine NotesThe coefficient of friction was determined using an Implant Sciences Corporation ISC-200 pin-on-disc Tribometer using a rubber pin with 40 mm2 contact area and 250 g static load on the pin. The pin was immersed in water during the test and the tested specimen rotated under the pin. As the measured coefficient of friction was observed to change generally a decrease with increasing number of rotations, the results in Fig. 1 were obtained by conditioning the samples through measurement over 10,000 rotations, rinsing the samples and pin with water then measuring the coefficient of friction of these conditioned safe level of static coefficient of friction is indicated as at least according to the standard ASTM D 2047, “Standard Test Method for Static Coefficient of Friction of Polish-Coated Floor Surfaces as Measured by the James Machine”, ASTM InternationalThe light transmittance was measured by a Shimadzu UV-3101PC spectrophotometer. The samples were 1 mm thick glass microscope slides both coated and uncoated.Author informationAuthor notesM. A. AegerterPresent address , Ch. des Placettes, 6, 1041, Bottens, SwitzerlandAuthors and AffiliationsFormer at Leibniz-Institut fuer Neue Materialien–INM, 66123, Saarbruecken, GermanyM. A. AegerterInstituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001, Lisboa, PortugalR. AlmeidaSingapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology-SIMTech, Singapore, SingaporeA. SoutarOsaka Prefecture University, 599-8531, Osaka, JapanK. TadanagaZheijang University, 310027, Hangshou, ChinaH. YangUniversity of Tokyo, 153-8904, Tokyo, JapanT. WatanabeAuthorsM. A. AegerterYou can also search for this author in PubMed Google ScholarR. AlmeidaYou can also search for this author in PubMed Google ScholarA. SoutarYou can also search for this author in PubMed Google ScholarK. TadanagaYou can also search for this author in PubMed Google ScholarH. YangYou can also search for this author in PubMed Google ScholarT. WatanabeYou can also search for this author in PubMed Google ScholarCorresponding authorCorrespondence to M. A. and permissionsAbout this articleCite this articleAegerter, Almeida, R., Soutar, A. et al. Coatings made by sol–gel and chemical nanotechnology. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 47, 203–236 2008. citationReceived 04 June 2007Accepted 25 April 2008Published 05 June 2008Issue Date August 2008DOI FilmMgF2Colloidal SiO2Technical Research Laboratory KB ID 0001631 Problem I upgraded my On-Premises Hybrid Exchange server recently, from Exchange 2016 to Exchange 2019. I remembered to add the new server onto the Office 365 send connector, but there was no mail flow between an on premises mailbox and an office365 mailbox? Solution This happens because, even if you are using the same certificate on the new and old servers the certificate that is used for TLS security between your on-premises Exchange server and Exchange online, does not get ’embedded’ properly on the send/receive connectors. You may see either or both of the following two problems. Check The Office 365 Mail Flow Log into Office 365 > Admin > Exchange Admin Center > Mail Flow > Connectors > Select the Outbound’ connector > Validate this connector. Herein lies the problem! 450 Cannot connect to remote server [Message=SubjectMismatch] [LastAttemptedServerName={on-prem-fqdn}] [LastAttemptedIP={on-prem-ip}}25] [{outlook-FQDN}] At first I thought the on-premises server was presenting the wrong cert for TLS, turns out it was not presenting a cert at all! You can check by executing the following command on the RECEIVE CONNECTOR; Get-ReceiveConnector "{SERVER-NAME}\Default Frontend {SERVER-NAME}" fl TlsCertificateName If it returns no entry like the image below, then you need to simply attach the correct certificate. To do that first get the thumbprint’ of the correct certificate; Copy the correct thumbprint, and embed it with the following commands; $tlscert=Get-ExchangeCertificate {THUMBPRINT} $tlscertname="$$ Get-ReceiveConnector "{SERVER_NAME}\Default Frontend {SERVER_NAME}" Set-ReceiveConnector -TlsCertificateName $tlscertname Restart-Service MSExchangeTransport Now test validation again from Office 365 portal. Check The Office On-Premises Mail Flow To do this, open Exchange Tools > Queue Viewer, and you will probably see something like this; 454 The certificate specified in TlsCertificateName of the SendConnector could not be found. To fix this, the procedure is much the same as above, only this time you perform the procedure on the SEND CONNECTOR ; Note I’m assuming you are using the same Thumbprint you used above, $tlscert=Get-ExchangeCertificate -Thumbprint {THUMBPRINT} $tlscertname = ’+$ Set-SendConnector -Identity "Outbound to Office 365" -TLSCertificateName $tlscertname Restart-Service MSExchangeTransport By the time you go back to Queue viewer the queues should have started to empty. Related Articles, References, Credits, or External Links NA Bonjour MuzzoVoici comment j'ai désactivé le controle des mails sortants dans l'antivirus avast - Cliquer sur Paramètres- Cliquer sur Protection active- 3 rubriques apparaissent tous les 3 sont activés - Agent des fichiers - Agent mail - Agent webIl faut cliquer sur l'icone en forme de boulon ou de rondelle du choix AGENT MAIL- 3 rubriques apparaissent - Analyser le courrier entrant POP3, IMAP4 - Analyser le courrier sortant SMTP - Analyser les messages NEWS NNTPPar défaut les 3 sont cochés, il faut décoché le second c'est à dire analyse le COURRIER SORTANT SMTP puis cliquer sur ok jusqu'à revenir jusqu'au ce que j'ai fait, j'ai envoyé un message à mon correspondant qui est chez alice. Je n'ai pas reçu le message d'erreur habituel mais en plus mon correspondant chez alice a bien reçu mon mail et m'a que ça fonctionnera pour ! PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8mail — メールを送信する 説明 mail string $to, string $subject, string $message, arraystring $additional_headers = [], string $additional_params = "" bool パラメータ to メールの受信者。 » RFC 2822 を満たす書式でなければ なりません。例えば以下のようなものです。 user user anotheruser User User , Another User subject 送信するメールの表題。 message 送信するメッセージ。 改行コードは CRLF \r\n となります。各行の長さは 70 文字を超えては いけません。 警告 （Windows のみ）PHP が SMTP サーバーと直接通信をする際、ピリオドから 始まる行は無視されます。これを防ぐには、行頭のピリオドを ピリオド 2 つに置き換えてください。 additional_headers（オプション） メールヘッダの最後に挿入される String または array。 通常、これは追加のヘッダ（From、Cc、Bcc）のために用いられます。 複数のヘッダを追加する場合は CRLF（\r\n）で区切ります。 外部からのデータを用いてヘッダを組み立てる際には、想定外のヘッダが注入されることを防ぐための処理が必要です。 array が渡されると、キーがヘッダの名前となり、 値がそれぞれのヘッダの値になります。 注意 PHP および より前のバージョンでは、additional_headers は、 メールヘッダインジェクション対策を行っていませんでした。 したがって、指定したヘッダが安全なものであり、ヘッダ以外のものを含まないようにするのはユーザー側の役目となります。 複数の改行文字を置くことでメール本文を始めたりしてはいけません。 注意 メールを送信する際には、必ず From ヘッダが含まれていなければなりません。 additional_headers パラメータで指定するか、 あるいは にデフォルト値を指定します。 指定しなかった場合は、以下のようなエラーメッセージが返ります Warning mail "sendmail_from" not set in or custom "From" header missing 。 Windows では、SMTP経由で直接メールを送信する際は、 From ヘッダを設定すると Return-Path も設定されます。 注意 メッセージが受信されなかった場合には、LF（\n）のみを使ってみてください。 Unix の MTA の中には、自動的に LF を CRLF に変換してしまう もの 有名なところでは、» qmail など があります（もし CRLF を利用していた場合、CR が重複してしまいます）。 ただし、これは最後の手段です。というのも、これは » RFC 2822 に違反しているからです。 additional_params（オプション） パラメータ additional_params は、 追加のフラグをコマンドラインオプションとしてメール送信プログラムに渡す際に使用可能です。 メール送信プログラムは、設定オプション sendmail_path により設定されます。例えば、 sendmail を使用する際に -f オプションを使って エンベロープの sender アドレスを設定する際に使用できます。 このパラメータはコマンドの実行を防止するために内部的に escapeshellcmd によってエスケープされます。 escapeshellcmd はコマンドの実行を防止しますが、 別のパラメータを追加することは許してしまいます。セキュリティ上の理由から、 シェルコマンドへの望ましくないパラメータの追加を避けるために、 ユーザーはこのパラメータを適切に処理することが推奨されます。 escapeshellcmd が自動的に適用されるため、 インターネット RFC でメールアドレスとして許可さているいくつかの文字を使用することができません。 mail はそうした文字を許可しないため、プログラム中でそうした文字の使用が必須である場合、 メール送信の代替手段（フレームワークやライブラリの使用など）が推奨されます。 この方法でエンベロープの sender ヘッダ（-f）を設定する際は、 'X-Warning' ヘッダが付加されないように Web サーバーの実行ユーザーを sendmail 設定に追加しておく必要があるかもしれません。 sendmail を利用している場合、これは /etc/mail/trusted-users で設定します。 戻り値 メール送信が受け入れられた場合に true 、それ以外の場合に false を返します。 メールの配送が受け入れられたかどうかが基準であることに注意しましょう。 メールが実際にあて先に届いたかどうかでは「ありません」。 変更履歴 バージョン 説明 additional_headers パラメータは、 array も受け入れるようになりました。 例 例1 メールを送信する mail を用いて単純なメールを送信する。 例2 追加ヘッダを付加してメールを送信する 基本ヘッダに加え、MUA に From および Reply-To アドレスを通知する。 例3 追加のヘッダを array で指定してメールを送信する この例は、すぐ上の例と同じメールを送信します。 しかし、追加のヘッダを配列で渡しています PHP 以降で利用可能 'webmaster 'Reply-To' => 'webmaster 'X-Mailer' => 'PHP/' . phpversion;mail$to, $subject, $message, $headers;?> 例4 追加のコマンドラインパラメータを指定してメールを送信する sendmail_path を用いてメールを送信する際に利用する 追加パラメータとして、additional_params が用いられます。 例5 HTML メールを送信する mail を用いて HTML メールを送信することも可能です。 Birthday Reminders for August Here are the birthdays upcoming in August! PersonDayMonthYear Johny10thAugust1970 Sally17thAugust1973 ';// HTML メールを送信するには Content-type ヘッダが必須$headers[] = 'MIME-Version = 'Content-type text/html; charset=iso-8859-1';// 追加のヘッダ$headers[] = 'To Mary , Kelly ';$headers[] = 'From Birthday Reminder ';$headers[] = 'Cc birthdayarchive = 'Bcc birthdaycheck 送信するmail$to, $subject, $message, implode"\r\n", $headers;?> 注意 HTML などの複雑な形式のメールを送信する場合は、PEAR パッケージ » PEARMail_Mime を利用することを推奨します。 注意 注意 Windows 環境での mail のSMTP実装は、sendmail の実装とは 多くの点で違います。 第一に、メッセージの生成にローカルのバイナリは使用せず、 ソケットを通じて直接操作するだけです。 これは MTA がネットワークソケットを listen している 必要があるということを意味します（ローカルホスト、リモートマシン どちらでもかまいません）。 第二に、 From や Cc・ Bcc・ Date のようなカスタムヘッダは MTA ではなく PHP によってパースされます。 そのため、to 引数には "Something " 形式の メールアドレスを与えることはできません。 MTA と通信する際に mail コマンドはこれを適切にパースできません。 注意 mail 関数は、大量のメールをループ内で送信するには 向いていないことに注意しましょう。この関数は 1 通のメールを送信するたびに SMTP ソケットをいったん閉じて開きなおします。これは非効率的です。 大量のメールを送信する場合は、 » PEARMail および » PEARMail_Queue パッケージを参照ください。 注意 以下の RFC も有用です。 » RFC 1896、 » RFC 2045、 » RFC 2046、 » RFC 2047、 » RFC 2048、 » RFC 2049 および » RFC 2822 参考 mb_send_mail - エンコード変換を行ってメールを送信する imap_mail - e-mail メッセージを送信する » PEARMail » PEARMail_Mime Anonymous ¶2 years ago If you notice wrong displayed characters in the email it's because you need to properly set the Content-Type and the Charset in the headers of the emailMostly, UTF-8 is your best can set custom headers with the fourth parameter of the mail make the whole thing waterproof, add the following header tooNow you can use the combination of UTF-8 and Base64 to properly encode the subject line and the recipient name like this';?>And don't forget to Base64 encode the email message tooAll references are taken from Anonymous ¶5 years ago Security advice Although it is not documented, for the parameters $to and $subject the mail function changes at least \r and \n to space. So these parameters are safe against injection of additional headers. But you might want to check $to for commas as these separate multiple addresses and you might not want to send to more than one crucial part is the $additional_headers parameter. This parameter can't be cleaned by the mail function. So it is up to you to prevent unwanted \r or \n to be inserted into the values you put in there. Otherwise you just created a potential spam distributor. php at simoneast dot net ¶5 years ago Often it's helpful to find the exact error message that is triggered by the mail function. While the function doesn't provide an error directly, you can use error_get_last when mail returns false.Tested successfully on Windows which uses SMTP by default, but sendmail on Linux/OSX may not provide the same level of detail.Thanks to charles dot fisher at arconic dot com ¶4 years ago I migrated an application to a platform without a local transport agent MTA. I did not want to configure an MTA, so I wrote this xxmail function to replace mail with calls to a remote SMTP server. Hopefully it is of some xxmail$to, $subject, $body, $headers{ $smtp = stream_socket_client'tcp// $eno, $estr, 30; $B = 8192; $c = "\r\n"; $s = 'myapp fwrite$smtp, 'helo ' . $_ENV['HOSTNAME'] . $c; $junk = fgets$smtp, $B; // Envelope fwrite$smtp, 'mail from ' . $s . $c; $junk = fgets$smtp, $B; fwrite$smtp, 'rcpt to ' . $to . $c; $junk = fgets$smtp, $B; fwrite$smtp, 'data' . $c; $junk = fgets$smtp, $B; // Header fwrite$smtp, 'To ' . $to . $c; ifstrlen$subject fwrite$smtp, 'Subject ' . $subject . $c; ifstrlen$headers fwrite$smtp, $headers; // Must be \r\n delimited fwrite$smtp, $headers . $c; // Body ifstrlen$body fwrite$smtp, $body . $c; fwrite$smtp, $c . '.' . $c; $junk = fgets$smtp, $B; // Close fwrite$smtp, 'quit' . $c; $junk = fgets$smtp, $B; fclose$smtp;} ABOMB ¶10 years ago I was having delivery issues from this function to Gmail, Yahoo, AOL, etc. I used the notes here to figure that you need to be setting your Return-Path to a valid email to catch bounces. There are two extra delivery gotchas on top of that1 The domain in the email used in the -f option in the sendmail parameter or in the mail extra parameters field, needs to have a valid SPF record for the domain in DNS as a "TXT" record type for sure and add an additional "SPF" type record if possible. Why? That's header field being used for spam You should also use a domain key or DKIM. The trick here is that the domain key/DKIM is case sensitive! I used Cpanel to create my domain key which automatically used all lowercase domain names in the key creation. I found when sending email and using a camel case "-f account option, my key was not accepted. However it was accepted when I used "-f account are many other factors that can contribute to mail not getting to inboxes, including your own multiple failed testing attempts, so I suggest you consult each site's guidelines and don't ask me for help. These are just the couple technical issues that helped my hope this saves someone some time and headaches... pangz dot lab at gmail dot com ¶2 years ago * Sending email with attachmentfunction sendMail string $fileAttachment, string $mailMessage = MAIL_CONF["mailMessage"], string $subject = MAIL_CONF["subject"], string $toAddress = MAIL_CONF["toAddress"], string $fromMail = MAIL_CONF["fromMail"] bool { $fileAttachment = trim$fileAttachment; $from = $fromMail; $pathInfo = pathinfo$fileAttachment; $attchmentName = "attachment_".date"YmdHms". isset$pathInfo['extension']? ".".$pathInfo['extension'] "" ; $attachment = chunk_splitbase64_encodefile_get_contents$fileAttachment; $boundary = "PHP-mixed-".md5time; $boundWithPre = "\n-".$boundary; $headers = "From $from"; $headers .= "\nReply-To $from"; $headers .= "\nContent-Type multipart/mixed; boundary=\"".$boundary."\""; $message = $boundWithPre; $message .= "\n Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"; $message .= "\n $mailMessage"; $message .= $boundWithPre; $message .= "\nContent-Type application/octet-stream; name=\"".$attchmentName."\""; $message .= "\nContent-Transfer-Encoding base64\n"; $message .= "\nContent-Disposition attachment\n"; $message .= $attachment; $message .= $boundWithPre."-"; return mail$toAddress, $subject, $message, $headers;}* Sending email in htmlfunction sendHtmlMail string $mailMessage = MAIL_CONF["mailMessage"], string $subject = MAIL_CONF["subject"], array $toAddress = MAIL_CONF["toAddress"], string $fromMail = MAIL_CONF["fromMail"] bool { $to = implode",", $toAddress; $headers[] = 'MIME-Version $headers[] = 'Content-type text/html; charset=iso-8859-1'; $headers[] = 'To '.$to; $headers[] = 'From '.$fromMail; return mail$to, $subject, $mailMessage, implode"\r\n", $headers;} Mark Simon ¶3 years ago It is worth noting that you can set up a fake sendmail program using the sendmail_path directive in the comment in that file, sendmail_path also works for Window. From directive works also under Windows. If set, smtp, smtp_port and sendmail_from are ignored and the specified command is executed. chris at ocproducts dot com ¶5 years ago The 'sendmail' executable which PHP uses on Linux/Mac not Windows expects "\n" as a line executable is a standard, and emulated by other MTAs."\n" is confirmed required for qmail and postfix, probably also for sendmail and exim but I have not you pass through using "\r\n" as a separator it may appear to work, but your email will be subtly corrupted and some middleware may break. It only works because some systems will clean up your you are implementing DKIM be very careful, as DKIM checks will fail at least on popular validation tools if you screw this up. DKIM must be calculated using "\r\n" but then you must switch it all to "\n" when using the PHP mail Windows, however, you should use "\r\n" because PHP is using SMTP in this situation, and hence the normal rules of the SMTP protocol not the normal rules of Unix piping apply. Ben Cooke ¶16 years ago Note that there is a big difference between the behavior of this function on Windows systems vs. UNIX systems. On Windows it delivers directly to an SMTP server, while on a UNIX system it uses a local command to hand off to the system's own MTA. The upshot of all this is that on a Windows system your message and headers must use the standard line endings \r\n as prescribed by the email specs. On a UNIX system the MTA's "sendmail" interface assumes that recieved data will use UNIX line endings and will turn any \n to \r\n, so you must supply only \n to mail on a UNIX system to avoid the MTA hypercorrecting to \r\r\n. If you use plain old \n on a Windows system, some MTAs will get a little upset. qmail in particular will refuse outright to accept any message that has a lonely \n without an accompanying \r. Porjo ¶12 years ago Make sure you enclose \r\n in double quotes not single quotes! so that PHP can translate that into the correct linefeed code at ¶10 years ago Here's a small handy function I use to send email in UTF-8. \r\n". "MIME-Version . "\r\n" . "Content-type text/html; charset=UTF-8" . "\r\n"; return mail$to, $subject, $message, $headers; }?> eeeugeneee ¶5 years ago Send mail with minimal requirements from email services. $encoding, "output-charset" => $encoding, "line-length" => 76, "line-break-chars" => "\r\n" ;// Mail header $header = "Content-type text/html; charset=".$encoding." \r\n"; $header .= "From ".$from_name." \r\n"; $header .= "MIME-Version \r\n"; $header .= "Content-Transfer-Encoding 8bit \r\n"; $header .= "Date ".date"r T"." \r\n"; $header .= iconv_mime_encode"Subject", $mail_subject, $subject_preferences;// Send mail mail$mail_to, $mail_subject, $mail_message, $header;?> rexlorenzo at gmail dot com ¶10 years ago Be careful to not put extra spaces for the $headers example, this didn't work on our servers$headers = "From $from \r\n Bcc $bcc \r\n";But this did$headers = "From $from\r\nBcc $bcc\r\n";Notice the removal of the spaces around the first \r\n. Max AT ¶10 years ago To define a mail sensitivity you have to put this line in the headersPossible OptionsSensitivity Normal, Personal, Private and Company-ConfidentialThese will be recognised and handled in Outlook, Thunderbird and others. php dot net at schrecktech dot com ¶17 years ago When sending MIME email make sure you follow the documentation with the "70" characters per line...you may end up with missing characters...and that is really hard to track down...

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